The chemical industry in China is a major contributor to organic pollution in the country's water systems. The wastewater generated from this sector often contains complex and persistent organic pollutants, which are challenging to treat using traditional methods. Conventional approaches, such as single destruction techniques, are not only expensive but also inefficient in terms of resource utilization. In contrast, integrated technologies that focus on resource recovery and circular economy principles have gained increasing attention. One such example is the 2007 National Technological Invention Award-winning project, "New Technologies for the Treatment and Recycling of Water-Soluble and Hard-to-Degradable Organic Pollutants." This project has become a key model in the development of sustainable and efficient wastewater treatment solutions.
This technology has been successfully implemented in eight companies, including Jiangsu Yangnong Chemical Group Co., Ltd., with 12 industrial wastewater treatment plants now operational. It has significantly reduced the amount of toxic organic matter, with approximately 10,000 tons of COD eliminated annually. Additionally, around 40,000 tons of chemical products are recovered each year, resulting in cumulative tax revenue and cost savings of about 110 million yuan over the past three years. Led by Academician Zhang Quanxing from Nanjing University’s School of Environment, the project focused on studying the adsorption mechanisms of organic pollutants using resin-based materials. Through innovations in resin structure optimization, pore control, and surface modification, new types of adsorbents were developed. These advancements enabled the creation of several patented technologies for treating and recycling difficult-to-degrade organic pollutants.
Since the 1980s, Zhang’s team has been actively researching the treatment of chemical wastewater. They developed high-specific-surface, ultra-cross-linked resins, which have been successfully used in removing pollutants like phenols and aromatic carboxylic acids. Their work opened up new avenues in the field of resin-based treatment for toxic organic waste and earned them the second prize of the 2001 National Science and Technology Progress Award.
Despite these achievements, challenges remain. Many organic pollutants in China’s chemical industry—such as those from pesticide, dye, and pharmaceutical production—are water-soluble and complex. Traditional adsorbents like activated carbon or macroporous resins often lack sufficient adsorption capacity and selectivity, making effective treatment and resource recovery difficult. Moreover, while some resins perform well with volatile organic compounds, their regeneration typically requires costly organic solvents or steam, leading to high operational costs and potential damage to the resin structure.
To address these issues, Academician Zhang Quanxing and his team further advanced the field by developing composite functional adsorption resins that combine hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding (or electrostatic) interactions. These resins enable more efficient and selective removal of water-soluble organic pollutants. By integrating resin adsorption with resource recovery technologies, they solved long-standing problems such as low adsorption efficiency, poor selectivity, and structural instability during regeneration. This breakthrough has made it possible to effectively manage and recycle even highly concentrated, refractory organic wastewater.
The project also introduced innovative methods for separating and recovering volatile aromatic hydrocarbons, particularly in acidic or alkaline aqueous solutions. Using steam for resin regeneration, they achieved clean production in the chlorobenzene industry, demonstrating the practical benefits of their research. Overall, this achievement represents a significant step forward in the sustainable management of organic pollutants, contributing to both environmental protection and resource conservation.
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