The constant air volume valve is a mechanical, self-powered device designed for ventilation and air conditioning systems that require consistent airflow. Unlike traditional valves, it doesn’t rely on external power sources. Instead, it uses the force of the air flowing through the duct to automatically adjust and maintain a set airflow rate across a wide range of pressure differences. This makes it ideal for applications where stable air volume is essential.
In fresh air systems, especially in hotels, office buildings, and other commercial spaces, maintaining equal airflow distribution across multiple rooms can be challenging. Traditionally, engineers install flow control valves on each branch pipe and attempt to balance the system during commissioning. However, this method is often imprecise, especially when the main duct is long and the branch pipes are short. With small airflow volumes—such as 100 m³/h per room—it’s difficult to achieve proper balance without manual adjustments, which are time-consuming and unreliable.
By installing a constant air volume valve on each fresh air branch, the system ensures consistent airflow without the need for continuous balancing. This not only improves efficiency but also reduces the workload for construction teams. While these valves are currently more expensive due to reliance on imported technology, they are particularly suitable for high-end buildings like four- and five-star hotels, where precision and comfort are critical.
In exhaust systems, especially in high-rise buildings with tight enclosures, maintaining balanced air supply and exhaust is crucial. Without proper exhaust, fresh air cannot enter effectively, leading to poor indoor air quality. Many buildings use toilet ventilators to manage bathroom exhaust, but these can be noisy, inefficient, and hard to maintain. A better solution is to replace individual ventilators with a centralized exhaust fan and install constant air volume valves on each exhaust branch. This setup ensures even airflow distribution, reduces noise, and simplifies system control.
In variable air volume (VAV) systems, the outer zones typically operate with variable airflow, while inner zones require constant airflow. Fixed air volume valves play a key role in maintaining stable performance in these inner zones. Similarly, in cleanrooms or controlled environments, maintaining positive pressure is essential. By integrating fixed air volume valves into the supply or exhaust system, the desired pressure levels can be consistently maintained.
In general air duct systems, resistance imbalance between branches is common. While three-way or multi-leaf dampers are often used for balancing, adding constant air volume valves can improve accuracy and reduce the need for manual adjustments during commissioning. These valves offer precise control, with an adjustment accuracy of around ±4%, and can be installed in various configurations such as rectangular, circular, or sound-dampening types.
Overall, the constant air volume valve is a reliable, low-maintenance solution that enhances system performance. It operates within a temperature range of 10–50°C and requires a minimum pressure difference of 50 Pa to function properly. The valve can be adjusted manually or via remote control, making it versatile for different applications. As awareness of its benefits grows, it is becoming a preferred choice in both supply and exhaust systems, much like how balance valves are widely used in water systems today.
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