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Stone coal vanadium ore crushing → drying → ball milling → salting ball → roasting → water immersion → ion exchange → precipitation → ammonium metavanadate pyrolysis → vanadium pentoxide.
Vanadium containing stone coal ore crushed, dried, milled to -80 mesh more than 90%, sodium chloride balls, pellets after calcined at 750 ~ 850 ℃ 2 ~ 4 h, the static water leaching. The concentration of vanadium in the leachate is 1~3 g/L, and the leaching slag is stacked. The vanadium in the leachate was enriched by ion exchange using a 717 strong basic anion resin and desorbed with sodium chloride. The concentration of vanadium in the desorption liquid reaches 18-22 g/L. Ammonium sulfate or ammonium chloride precipitates vanadium to obtain ammonium metavanadate. Ammonium metavanadate is pyrolyzed at 550 ° C to obtain vanadium pentoxide.
Second, the process principle and application
The following reactions occur during the sodium roasting process: 
xNa 2 O·yV 2 O 5 +xCl 2 ↑,
The following reactions occur when water vapor is present:
yV 2 O+2xNaCl+xH 2 O→
xNa 2 O·yV 2 O 5 +2xHCl↑
Sodium chloride alone does not decompose when heated at a high temperature in air (melting point 808 ° C), but it decomposes in the presence of certain substances such as iron , manganese , SO 3 , V 2 O 5 , etc., to generate chlorine gas or hydrogen chloride gas. Oxidation of vanadium in the mineral crystal lattice to produce xNa 2 O·yV 2 O 5 :
yV 2 O 5 +xNa 2 O→xNa 2 O·yV 2 O 5
Sodium vanadate dissolves easily in aqueous solution, allowing vanadium to be transferred to the solution.
The sodium roasting process is a classic vanadium extraction process with a total vanadium yield of 40% to 50%. The cost is between 40,000 and 50,000 yuan/t. Due to the production of toxic and harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride and chlorine in the production process, it is polluted by the environment, so it has been used less frequently.
Sodium pentoxide extraction process for sodium roasting
First, the process