Lithium iron phosphate battery full name is lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery, the name is too long, referred to as lithium iron phosphate battery. Because of its performance is particularly suitable for power applications, the name of "power" word, that lithium iron phosphate battery. Some people call it "LiFe battery. working principle Lithium iron phosphate batteries, lithium iron phosphate is used as the cathode material of lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion battery cathode materials are mainly lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel oxide, ternary materials, such as lithium iron phosphate. Among them, lithium cobalt oxide is the most cathode material used by most lithium-ion batteries. significance In the metal trading market, cobalt (Co) is the most expensive and has a small amount of storage. Nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn) are cheaper and iron (Fe) is more abundant. The price of cathode materials is also consistent with the price of these metals. Therefore, the use of LiFePO4 cathode material made of lithium-ion batteries should be very cheap. Another feature of it is environmental pollution. As a rechargeable battery requirements are: high capacity, high output voltage, good charge-discharge cycle performance, output voltage stability, high current charge and discharge, electrochemical stability, safe to use (not overcharge, over discharge and short circuit Such as improper operation caused by burning or explosion), wide operating temperature range, non-toxic or less toxic, no pollution to the environment. Lithium iron phosphate batteries using LiFePO4 as a positive electrode are good in these performance requirements, especially in the case of large discharge rate discharge (5 to 10 C discharge), discharge voltage smooth, safe (not burning, not explosive), life cycle ), No pollution to the environment, it is the best, is currently the best high-current output power battery. Structure and working principle LiFePO4 as the positive electrode of the battery, the positive electrode of the battery is connected by an aluminum foil, and the middle is a polymer separator, which separates the positive electrode from the negative electrode. However, the Li ion can pass through and the electron can not pass through and the right is made of carbon Battery negative, the copper foil and the negative battery connection. Between the upper and lower ends of the battery is the electrolyte of the battery, the battery is hermetically sealed by the metal case. LiFePO4 battery charging, the positive lithium ion Li through the polymer membrane to the negative migration; in the discharge process, the negative lithium ion Li through the diaphragm to the positive migration. Lithium-ion battery is named because of lithium-ion migration back and forth in the charge and discharge. The main performance LiFePO4 battery nominal voltage is 3.2V, termination charge voltage is 3.6V, termination voltage is 2.0V. Due to the various manufacturers using positive and negative materials, electrolyte materials, quality and technology are different, there will be some differences in performance. For example, the same type (the same type of standard battery package), the battery capacity is quite different (10% ~ 20%). Here to note is that different factories lithium iron phosphate battery in the performance parameters will be some differences; In addition, some battery performance is not included, such as battery resistance, self-discharge rate, charge and discharge temperature. Lithium iron phosphate battery capacity is quite different, can be divided into three categories: a small zero to a few milliamperes, medium-sized tens of milliamps, large hundreds of milliamperes. Different types of batteries of similar parameters also have some differences. Over discharge to zero voltage test: Using STL18650 (1100mAh) lithium iron phosphate battery to do discharge to zero voltage test. Test conditions: 0.5C charging rate will be 1100mAh STL18650 battery is full, and then discharged at 1.0C discharge rate to the battery voltage is 0C. Then put the 0V battery divided into two groups: one for 7 days, the other for 30 days; after the expiration of 0.5C charge rate is full, and then discharge with 1.0C. Finally, the difference between the two zero-voltage storage period is different. The result of the test is that the battery has no leakage after 7 days of zero voltage storage and has a good performance with a capacity of 100%; after 30 days of storage, the battery has no leakage and has a good performance with a capacity of 98%; the battery after 30 days of storage is recharged and discharged again for 3 times, Capacity returned to 100%. This test shows that even if the lithium iron phosphate over-discharge (even to 0V), and stored for a certain period of time, the battery does not leak, damage. This is what other types of lithium-ion batteries do not have. Advantage 1, the improvement of safety performance PO bond in lithium iron phosphate crystal is solid and difficult to decompose. It will not collapse or generate heat or form strong oxidizing material like lithium cobalt oxide even at high temperature or overcharge, so it has good safety. Some reports pointed out that in practice, acupuncture or short-circuit test found that a small part of the sample combustion phenomenon, but did not appear an example of an explosion, and overcharge test using its own discharge voltage is much higher than several times the high-voltage charge found that there are still Explosion phenomenon. Nevertheless, its overcharge safety compared to ordinary liquid electrolyte lithium cobalt oxide battery, has greatly improved. 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