According to foreign media reports, Shinshu University in Japan has developed a new method for suppressing lithium dendritic hyperplasia in lithium-sulfur batteries and lithium air batteries. The team used magnesium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) as an electrolyte additive to cause an alloying reaction between the deposited magnesium and the subsequently accumulated lithium. Compared to the traditional graphite material (LiC6: 372 mAh/g), lithium metal is a promising high energy density battery anode material because of its theoretical capacity of 3860 mAh/g. However, there are also many safety risks in the application of lithium metal, and it is easy to generate lithium crystal branches, penetrate the separator of the battery, and cause internal short circuit of the battery. To this end, R&D personnel have used a variety of methods to prevent the appearance of lithium crystals, including the use of t3D matric substrates, electrolyte additives, and the use of solid-state electrodes. Addition of magnesium salt to inhibit the formation of lithium crystals: (a) The researchers used a commercially available electrolyte, and the lithium crystal branches were unevenly distributed. Through a repetitive deposition-dissolution cycle, the deposition morphology leads to the formation of lithium crystallites, which will cause rapid decay of charge and thermal runaway. (b) In the electrolyte containing magnesium salt, magnesium ions attenuate and magnesium metal is formed on the substrate, which is mainly due to the higher standard electrode potential. Subsequently, the lithium accumulation will electrochemically react with the magnesium metal to produce a binary Li Mg alloy. Although this method can inhibit the formation of lithium crystal branches, researchers have found that reversible reactions are difficult to occur, and this is undoubtedly one of the most important prerequisites for rechargeable batteries. Researchers are studying other magnesium salts and are working to improve the electrochemical stability of magnesium and lithium metals, making reversible reactions easier. Researchers hope to use plating technology to solve these problems and eventually develop a compact high-capacity lithium battery.
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